Successful Implementation of Electronic Health Information Technology Assignment

Fruitful Implementation of Electronic Health Information Technology - Assignment Example chime the EMR framework in the medical clinic incorporate brisk handling of data, exactness of data, fulfillment and significance of data, expanded data security dependent on verification rules, and information consistency. Today, electronic wellbeing records have become a significant part of a medicinal services association dependent on its job in fruitful finish of all assignments utilizing the data suitably gathered, put away, recovered, and dissected by the electronic clinical record frameworks. The gathered data can be utilized by various wellbeing offices in the dynamic procedures. Prior to really buying and executing the framework, the administration of my clinic directed a study to know the perspectives and worries of all indented clients of the framework including attendants. This explanation for this was to make each client all around educated about the working and need of the new framework, just as to address the worries all things considered. Medical attendants were especially remembered for the review in light of the fact that the administration trusts them to be a significant job player in the general data the executives framework. Nursing personals assume a unique job in the fruitful selection of medicinal services data frameworks (Hsiao, Chang, and Chen, 2011, p. 150). At the point when the framework was bought in our medical clinic, the administration directed a fourteen day preparing program in which all clients incorporating attendants were given all significant data about the framework. Additionally, the clients were likewise given down to earth p reparing of utilizing the framework. As an end client, I feel that I have assumed my job in choice and arranging of the new HIT framework. A few issues can happen if the administration doesn't consider the worries of medical attendants while anticipating any new framework. For instance, if medical attendants are not educated about the new framework before buying, the administration can never know the specific prerequisites of the framework as the consequence of which they may need to buy another framework in a brief timeframe. So also, if

Fahrenheit 451 (936 words) Essay Example For Students

Fahrenheit 451 (936 words) Essay Fahrenheit 451Light, particularly fire, and obscurity are altogether reoccurring subjects inFahrenheit 451. Fellow Montag, the principle character, is a fire fighter, yet in thisfuturistic world the set of working responsibilities of a fire fighter is to light fires whereverbooks are found; rather than putting them out. Montag takes an excursion from aliterary obscurity to a proficient light. This excursion can be contrasted with theshort story Allegory of the Cave by Plato, in which a detainee encounters asimilar venture. A case of light, concerning information, happens justafter Montag meets Clarisse just because. At the point when they came to herhouse every one of its lights were bursting (9). Since Montag had once in a while observed thatmany house lights on, I deciphered those lines as saying that house isfull of information and; dislike the remainder of the houses around herewhich are constantly dim. Clarisse proceeded to disclose to Montag that hermother, father, and uncle we re simply lounging near and talking. This was alsosomething that wasnt ordinary in the city. Fire is a significant elementof imagery in Fahrenheit 451. Fire devours minds, spirits, men, thoughts, andbooks. Fire assumes two altogether different jobs in this book. The job of adestructive, eating up, and life finishing power, and the job of a nourishingflame. The main job that fire plays in Fahrenheit 451 is obvious from thevery start of Bradburys tale. IT WAS A PLEASURE TO BURN. It was apleasure to see things eaten, to see things darkened and changed (3). Inthese initial two sentences, Bradbury makes a feeling of interest and ironybecause in the story, change is something controlled and undesirable by thegovernment and society, so it is impossible that anything in Guy Montagssociety could be changed. The consuming portrayed now speaks to theconstructive vitality that later prompts calamity. An away from of firemenis first observed when the storyteller says, With his representative pro tective cap numbered451 on his apathetic head, and his eyes all orange fire with the idea of whatcame next, he flicked the igniter and the house bounced up in a pigging out fire thatburned the night sky red and yellow and dark (3). Fahrenheit 451 is thetemperature at which books consume and is emblematically composed on the firemenshelmets, tanks, and in the firestation. During a snapshot of disclosure Montagcomes upon a fascinating thought regarding discharge and the copying of books that takesplace. He expresses, the sun consumed each day. It consumed timeSo on the off chance that he burntthings with the fire fighters and the sun consumed Time, that implied that everythingburnt! One of them needed to fizzle out. The sun wouldnt, certainly(141). With this remark Montag understands that he can never again be a book burner,but that he needs to protect books. After this disclosure, Montag happens uponfire by and by. That little movement, the white and red shading, a strangefire in lig ht of the fact that it implied an alternate thing to him. It was not consuming. It waswarming He hadnt realized fire could look along these lines (145-46). Montagwas now considering fire to be a supporting, nurturing fire. The title of the thirdpart of the book, Burning Bright, shows that even while the city isstill consuming brilliantly from the wars demolition, the soul of all the exilemen is additionally consuming splendidly. This means a fate of expectation and positive thinking. All through Fahrenheit 451 Montag experiences a change from book burnerto book preserver. Montag mirrors the way taken by one of detainees inPlatos Allegory of the Cave. The detainee experienced a transformation fromillusion to intelligence. In the Allegory of the Cave there are numerous detainees; allwith their arms, legs, and heads shackled with the goal that they could just look forward. .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5 , .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5 .postImageUrl , .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5 , .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5:hover , .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5:visited , .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5:active { border:0!important; } .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5:active , .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5:hover { mistiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relativ e; } .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content improvement: underline; } .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content design: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uf659728cf3257 e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uf659728cf3257e3af7b24488cf3ab7e5:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Will To Power By Friedrich Nietzsche EssayThis speaks to how the authoritarian government in Fahrenheit 451 forceseveryone to see just the administrations convictions and perspectives. While in this cave,there is a fire above and behind them, and among them and the fire is a divider. This divider is acting like a screen in a manikin appear. There are other men walkingalong the divider conveying sculptures and carvings of creatures which show up over thewall. This represents Montags occupation of consuming books and his serving to keepothers in obscurity; just giving them what the administration needs them to see andknow. The detainees, as Montag and others in his general public, can just observe theshadows of the sculptures along the cavern divider, and this is the thing that they accept to bethe truth. Some way or another one of the detainees can get away, and from the start he is inpain. Similarly as Montag got away from the convictions and perspectives on his general public, with the helpfrom Clarisse and Faber. From the start, Montag couldn't and would not acknowledge books,but he started to see the force they had, he started to see reality. This paincomes from the light (truth), and the detainee is constrained to turn away fromthe light, and to take asylum i n the articles which he could see. By and by, theprisoner conducts himself towards the cavern passage, and this time he sees thesun. From the start, the sun harms him additionally, however the detainee becomes used to thelight. A similar way Montag felt when he originally took in reality; it hurt to knowthat all he knew was bogus, however he started to acknowledge it and he preferred it and wantedto share this information with others. Subsequent to learning reality of the cavern, theprisoner likewise attempts to come back to the others that are held hostage and free themto show them reality. Be that as it may, they just accept what their dreams, and theprisoner is mocked, called insane, and banished from the cavern. This alsohappened to Montag when he attempted to impart his insight to other people, for example, hiswife, her companions, and Captain Beatty.

Essay Writing Samples - Some Basic Essay Writing Tips

Essay Writing Samples - Some Basic Essay Writing TipsWhen you are planning to write a college or university-level essay, then you can never forget the importance of having the right essay writing samples. These samples will help you ensure that you create a high quality article, which is capable of bringing positive results in the course of your final study.Generally, writing essays is not as easy as you think, because writing a college-level essay requires thorough research and comprehension. One of the essential components of an essay is analysis, which means that students should have a clear idea about how they want to analyze the topic and what is included in it. You need a sample article that can be used for this purpose.It's very easy to get overwhelmed when it comes to analyzing an essay. It's important to try and give yourself time to get familiar with the topic and also how you will use it to study. If you are familiar with it already, then you will already know what you nee d to do. But if you haven't had any experience with it, then it will be easier for you to pick up the basics before attempting your first essay.Research is one of the most crucial tasks that you have to accomplish during the writing process. You will need to find out exactly what has been written and what has been researched. Try to collect quotes from a book, an article, or an audio file so that you can relate them to the issue at hand.It's highly important that you get familiar with the different techniques of essay writing and how they can benefit you as well as your essay. The first thing that you have to remember is that you need to show that you understand the research.Try to use the analysis techniques. This means that you should be able to analyze the issues and how they can be turned into a useful topic. There are some resources that will help you in this regard, so make sure to use them.You will find out that you need to have a clear understanding of the topics that you ar e writing about. So it is important to remember that you need to develop a clear analysis for your essay, which will lead to better writing. Remember that your goal is to become an excellent writer, so make sure that you develop a good practice and make sure that you incorporate everything that you need.

Avogadros Number (Chemistry Glossary Definition)

Avogadros number, or Avogadros constant, is the number of particles found in one mole of a substance. It is the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12. This experimentally determined value is approximately 6.0221 x 1023 particles per mole. Avogadros number may be designated using the symbol L or NA. Note that Avogadros number, on its own, is a dimensionless quantity. In chemistry and physics, Avogadros number usually refers to a quantity of atoms, molecules, or ions, but it can be applied to any particle. For example, 6.02 x 1023 elephants is the number of elephants in one mole of them! Atoms, molecules, and ions are much less massive than elephants, so there needed to be a large number to refer to a uniform quantity of them so that they could be compared relative to each other in chemical equations and reactions. History of Avogadros Number Avogadros number is named in honor of the Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro. Although Avogadro proposed that the volume of a gas at a fixed temperature and pressure was proportional to the number of particles it contained, he did not propose the constant. In 1909, French physicist Jean Perrin proposed Avogadros number. He won the 1926 Nobel Prize in physics for using several methods to determine the value of the constant. However, Perrins value was based on the number of atoms in 1 gram-molecule of atomic hydrogen. Later, the constant was redefined based on 12 grams of carbon-12. In German literature, the number is also called the Loschmidt constant.

The Dangers Of Secondhand Smoke - 1214 Words

Visualize a world where no one smoked, now how clean the air would be. Imagine the improvement over humanities overall health. Second hand smoke is smoke inhaled involuntarily from tobacco being smoked by others, which is currently a problem here in the United States. The General Surgeon of the United States Departments of Health and Human Services explains â€Å"Secondhand smoke causes approximately 7,330 deaths from lung cancer and 33,950 deaths from heart disease each year† (2014). Many incorporations, not just in the United States, but also all over the world are trying to raise awareness on the negative effects of secondhand smoke and are trying to put an end to smoking in general. In present date companies are trying their best to raise†¦show more content†¦Looking at the advertisement as a whole you can interpret that the main graphic in the image is the young boy, he is simply standing there with an innocent look on his face being choked. When you look closer you can see that the hand that is choking him is simply made out of smoke. Which is where the words across the bottom of the image come into play, â€Å"Your smoking harms your child† (Smokefree). Smokefree has already gained the viewers attention with the graphic meaning that from that point on they are thinking about the advertisement and the information showed. Advertisements have shown to be more effective when there is more of a connection made between the viewer and the topic. In this case, second hand smoking does harm your child. Although many parents that do smoke think that as long as their child is a couple feet away that it is fine to smoke but sadly it is not. The smoke that you are exhaling is going right into the air and being inhaled by your child, practically choking them. SmokeFree uses a small innocent child to add emotion into the advertisement, if they were to just put a picture of an adult or even an animal it wouldn’t make that much of an impac t as it does seeing an innocent child being choked by the smoke. Seeing a small innocent child being choked by the smoke is trying to reach out and show parents what is really happening to their small children. It’s different seeing a

Trade Union Act free essay sample

It includes federation of two or more  trade  unions. [section2(h)]. Thus, technically, there can be ‘union’ of employers also, though, almost universally, the term ‘trade  union’ is associated with union of workmen or employees. ‘Trade  dispute’ means any dispute between workmen and employers or between workmen and workmen, or between employers and employers. However, it should be connected with  employment or  non-employment, or the conditions of labour, of any person. Workman’ means all persons employed in  trade  or industry, whether or not in the employment of the employer with whom the  trade  dispute arises. [section 2(g)]. Any seven or more members of a  Trade  Union can  apply for  registration, by subscribing their names  to rules  of  trade  Union and complying with provisions of the Act for  registration  of  Trade  Union. [section 4(1)]. Right and liabilities of a Registered  Trad e  Union are specified in section 15. Registration  of  trade  union – Appropriate Government shall appoint a person as Registrar of  Trade  Unions for each State. We will write a custom essay sample on Trade Union Act or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page [section 3(1)]. Application for  registration  is required to be made signed by at least 7 members. Application should be accompanied by rules of  trade  union. and other required details. [section 5]. Rules should contain provisions as prescribed in section 6. Registrar shall register  Trade  Union and enter particulars in the register maintained by him. [section 8]. Trade  Union will have a registered office. [section12] Other provisions – Other important provisions are as follows Trade  Union is a body corporate – Registered  Trade  Union shall be a body corporate by the name under which it is registered. It will have perpetual succession and a  common seal. It can acquire both movable and immovable property in its own name and contract in its own name. [section 13]. Fund for political purposes   Trade  Union can constitute separate fund for political purposes. [section16]. Executive Committee and Office Bearers of Union – The management of  trade  union will be conducted by ‘executive’. It is a body by whatever name called. [section 2(a)]. Thus, controlling body of  Trade  Union may be called as ‘Executive Body’ or ‘Governing Body’ or ‘Managing Committee’ or any such name. The members of the executive body are termed as ‘Officer Bearers’. [section 2(b)]. At least 50% of office bearers of registered  trade  union shall be persons actually engaged or employed in an industry with which the  trade  union is connected. [section 22]. Annual Returns – Every registered  trade  union will prepare a  general statement  of assets and liabilities of  trade  Union as on 31st December. The statement will be sent to Registrar along with information about  change of office  bearers during the year. [section28(1)]. Immunity from provision of criminal conspiracy in  trade  disputes – Office bearer of a  trade  union shall not be liable to punishment u/s 120B(2) of Indian Penal Code in respect of agreement made between members for purpose of object of  trade  union, unless the agreement is agreement to commit an offence. section 17]. Thus, office bearer of  trade  union cannot be prosecuted for criminal conspiracy in respect of agreement relating to object of  trade  union. Immunity from civil suit – A civil suit or other legal proceeding is not maintainable against any registered  trade  union or office bearer in furtherance of  trade  union activity on the gro und that (a) such act induces some person to break a contract of  employment or  (b) It is in interference with the  trade, business or employment of some other person. section 18(1)]. Registration  does not mean recognition –  Registration  and recognition of Union by an employer are independent issues. Registration  of  Trade  Union with Registrar has nothing to do with its recognition in a particular factory/company. Recognition of  Trade  Union is generally a matter of agreement between employer and  trade union. In States like Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh, there are specific legal provisions for recognition of a  trade  union. Definition Section 1: Short title, extent  and commencement It extends to the whole of  India. Section 2: Definitions Appropriate Government: For the trade unions whose  objects are not confined to one state, the appropriate  government will be the Central Government, for others it’ll be the  State Gov ernment. Trade dispute: It means any dispute between employers and, workmen or between workmen and workmen, or between employers and employers which is  connected with the employment, or non-employment or the conditions of  labour, of any person. Workmen: Means all persons employed in trade or industry whether  or not in the employment of  the employer with whom the trade dispute arises. Trade Union: It means combination whether temporary or  permanent formed primarily for the purpose of   –regulating the relations –for imposing restrictive condition on the conduct of  any trade or  business,   –can be between workmen and employers or between workmen and workmen, or between employers and employers It can include any federation of two or more Trade Unions. Section 3: Appointment of Registrars The appropriate Government appoints a person to  be the Registrar  of Trade Unions for each  State. It may also appoint Additional and Deputy Registrars of Trade Unions. Section 4: Mode of registration Any seven or more members of a Trade Union may apply for  registration of the Trade Union under this Act: –by subscribing their names to the rules of the Trade Union –and by complying with the provisions of this Act with respect to registration. An application for the registration of a Trade Union shall not become invalid merely for the reason that at any time after the date of the application, but  before the  registration of  the Trade Union  some of  the applications (not exceeding half of the total number of the persons who made the application) have ceased to be members of  the Trade Union. Section 5: Application for registration Application for registration of a Trade Union  shall be made to the Registrar and shall be accompanied by: –copy of the rules of the Trade Union –statement of the following particulars, Namely :- The names, occupations and addresses of  the members making the application. †¢The name of the Trade Union and the address of its head office. Where a Trade Union has been in existence for more than one year  before the making of an application for  its registration it needs to submit a statement of the assets and  liabilities held by it. Section 6: Provisions t o be contained in the rules of Trade Union A Trade Union shall not be entitled to registration under this Act, unless the executive is constituted in accordance with the provisions of this Act, and the rules provided for following matters: the name of the Trade Union –the object for which the Trade Union has  been established   –the purposes for which the general funds of  the Trade Union shall be applicable. –The maintenance of a list of the members of the Trade  Union and adequate facilities for the inspection thereof by the members of the Trade Union;   –The admission of ordinary members who shall be persons  actually engaged or employed in an industry with which the  Trade Union is connected, and also the admission of the number of honorary or  temporary members as to form the executive of the Trade Union The payment of a subscription by members of the Trade Union which shall be not less than twenty five paisa  per month per member   †¢The conditions under which any member shall be entitled to any  benefit assured by the rules and under which any fine  or forfeiture may be imposed on members; †¢The manner in which the  members of the executive and the  other members of  the Trade Union shall be  appointed and removed;†¢The safe custody of the funds of  the Trade Union, and annual audit, in such  manner  as may be prescribed, of the account books  by the act and members of the TradeUnion; and †¢The manner in which the Trade Union may be dissolved. Section 7: Power to call for further particulars and to require alteration of name †¢The Registrar can call for  further information for the purpose of  checking the compliance of the application with  respect to Sec 5and  Sec 6  of the Trade  Union  Act. –He may refuse to register  the Trade Union until such information is supplied. †¢If the name under which a Trade Union is proposed to be registered is identical or it nearly resembles with that of any other existing Trade Union, the Registrar shall require the persons applying for  registration to alter the name of the  Trade Union stated in the application. Section 8: Registration The Registrar, on being satisfied that the  Union has complied with all the requirements of this Act in  regard to registration, shall register  the Trade Union. Note: This section is mandatory. The Registrar cannot refuse to register a Trade Union if the application for  registration complies with the technical requirement as laid down in  this Act. Section 9: Certificate of Registration The Registrar registering a Trade Union under Section 8, shall issue a certificate of registration which shall be conclusive that the Trade Union has been duly registered under this Act. Section 10: Cancellation of Registration A certificate of registration of a Trade  Union may be withdrawn or  cancelled by the Registrar: –On the application of the Trade Union –If the Registrar is satisfied that the certificate has been obtained by fraud or mistake   –or that the Trade Union has ceased to  exist or has willfully and after notice from  the Registrar contravened any provision of this Act or  allowed any rule to continue in force which is inconsistent with any such provision, or has  rescinded any rule providing for any matter, provision for which is required by this Section †¢Provided that not less than two  months previous notice in writing specifying the ground on which it is proposed to withdraw or cancel the certificate shall be given by t he Registrar to the Trade Union before the certificate is withdrawn or  cancelled Section 11: Appeal Any person aggrieved by any refusal of the Registrar to register a Trade Union or by the withdrawal or cancellation of a certificate of  registration may appeal to the prescribed courts. The Appellate Court may dismiss the appeal, or pass an order  directing the Registrar to register the Union and to issue a certificate of registration or setting aside the  order for withdrawal or  cancellation of the certificate, as the case  may be, and the registrar  shall comply with such order. Section 12: Registered office All communications and notice to a registered  Trade Union may be addressed to its registered office. Notice of any change in the address of  the head office shall be given within fourteen days of such change to the Registrar in writing. Section 13: Incorporation of registered Trade Unions Every registered Trade Union: –shall be a body corporate by the name under which it  is registered   Ã¢â‚¬â€œshall have perpetual succession and a  common seal –power to acquire and  hold both movable and immovable property   Ã¢â‚¬â€œit can, by the said  name sue and be sued. Section 15: Objects on which general funds  maybe spent †¢The payment of salaries, allowances and expenses to  office bearers of the Trade Union. The payment of expenses for the administration of the Trade Union  including audit of the accounts of the general funds. †¢The compensation to members for loss arising out of  trade disputes; †¢Allowance to members or their dependents on account of death,  old age, sickness, accidents or unemployment of such members; †¢The provision of educational, social or religious benefits for members or for the dependents of members; †¢The upkeep of a periodical published  mainly for the purposes of discussing questions affecting employers or workmen; Section 16: Constitution of a separate  fund for  political purposes A registered Trade Union may constitute a separate fund, from which payments may be made, for the promotion of the civic and political interest of its members. –No member shall be compelled to contribute to the fund. –Member who does not contribute to the said fund shall not be excluded from any benefits of the Trade Union –Contribution to the said fund shall not be made a condition for  admission to the Trade Union. Section 20: Right to inspect books of Trade Union The account books of a registered Trade Union and the list of  members shall be open to inspection by any member of the Trade Union. Section 21: Rights of minors to  membership of  Trade Union Any person who has attained the age of fifteen years may be a member of registered Trade Union subject to any rules of the Trade Union to the contrary. Section 21A: Disqualification of office bearers  of  Trade Union A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being a member of the executive or any other office-bearer or registered Trade Union if He has not attained the age of eighteen years; –He has been convicted by a Court in India of  any offence involving immorality and sentenced to imprisonment, unless a period of five years has elapsed since his release. Section 22: Proportion of office-bearers to be concerned with the industry Not less than one half of the total number of the office bearers of  every registered Trade Union shall be persons actually e ngaged or  employed in an industry with which the Trade Union is connected. Section 23: Change of name Any registered Trade Union may, with the consent of not less than two-thirds of the total number of its  members and subject to the provisions of Section 25 change its name. Section 24: Amalgamation of Trade Union Any two or more registered Trade Unions may become amalgamated together as one Trade Union provided  that the votes of at least one-half of the members of each such Trade Union is recorded, and that at least sixty percent of the votes recorded are in favour of the proposal. Section 25: Notice of change of  name or  amalgamations Notice in writing of every  change of name and every  amalgamation shall be sent to the Registrar, signed,   Ã¢â‚¬â€œin the case of change of name, by  the Secretary and by seven members of the Trade Union changing its name  Ã¢â‚¬â€œin the case of an amalgamation by the Secretary  and by seven members of each and every Trade Union which is amalgamating. Section 26: Effects of change in  name and of  amalgamation The change in the name of a registered Trade Union shall not effect   –any rights or obligation of the Trade Union –or render defective any legal proceeding by or against the Trade Union, –legal proceeding may be continued in its new name. An amalgamation of two or more registered Trade  Unions shall not prejudice any right of any such Trade Unions or any right of accreditor or any of them. Section 27: Dissolution When a registered Trade Union is dissolved, notice for the dissolution signed by seven members and by the Secretary of the Trade Union shall, within fourteen days  of the dissolution, be sent to the Registrar. Where the dissolution of a registered Trade Union has been registered and the rules of the Trade Union do not provide for the distribution and funds, the Registrar shall divide  the funds amongst the member in such manner as may be prescribed. Section 28: Returns Every registered Trade Union is required to send a general statement, of all receipts and expenditure audited in  the prescribed manner, to the Registrar annually on or before such date as may be prescribed of during the year. Central trade union recognition †¢The union should have five lakh membership †¢Must have members from at least four  states Section 29: Power to make regulations The appropriate Government may make regulations for  the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions  of this Act. Such regulations may provided for all or any of the following matters:   Ã¢â‚¬â€œThe manner in which Trade Union and the rules of  Trade Unions shall be registered and the fees payable on registration; –The transfer of registration in the case of any registered Trade Union which has changed its head office from one State  to another; –The manner in which, and the qualifications of persons by whom, accounts of registered Trade Unions or of  any class of such  Unions shall be audited; Section 30: Publication of regulations The Power to make regulations conferred by section 29 is subject to the condition of the regulations being made  after previous publications. †¢Regulations so made shall be published  in the Official Gazette and on such publication shall have effect as if enacted in this Act. Conclusion * There should be one union per Industry * The union officials should be paid * There should be development of internal leadership * Trade union shoul d be recognized * There should be improvement in financial conditions. The judiciary should see the demands of the workers to check whether the demands by the workers are within the limits.

Is Ritalin The Answer To Ad (H) D Essays - Methylphenidate

Is Ritalin The Answer To Ad (H) D? Is Ritalin the Answer to AD (H) D? The tousled brown hair that weaves so mischievously around his head may hint at the way he feels inside. He is seven-years-old and has already had to repeat a grade. He has an imagination that puts others to shame, but nothing seems to hold his attention for more than five minutes. He was recently diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or what we call AD (H) D. This scene is all too familiar for individuals who discover that they, too, have this learning disorder as they progress from elementary school to college. In today's society we want a quick fix to remedy our problems. Therefore doctors are prescribing the drug, Ritalin, to control AD (H) D. Although Ritalin is a widely used drug to control AD (H) D, there are other safer alternatives to combat this worldwide disorder. Ritalin, like many other drugs, has several side effects-some of which are severe. Ritalin is in a class of drugs called Methylphetamines. These types of drugs (also called Central Nervous System or CNS stimulants) affect our central nervous system that controls everything from thought process to everyday breathing. Ritalin's major side effects influences the cardiovascular system (palpitation, tachycardia, and increased blood pressure), the central nervous system (psychosis, dizziness, headache, insomnia, tic syndromes, attacks of Gilles de la Tourette), gastrointestinal (anorexia, nausea), endocrine/metabolic system (weight loss, growth suppression). (What You Need To Know About Ritalin 1999) Also, Ritalin is a fairly new drug (introduced in the early eighties). It hasn't been around long enough to study the long-term effects. Since Ritalin is a Methylphetamine (closely related to the amphetamine family, such as cocaine), it has a high rate of abuse. In light of methylphenidate's abuse liability, it is important to note the tremendous increase in availability of this substance and the expanded population (adolescents and adults) receiving prescriptions for the treatment of AD (H) D. For example, the production quota for methylphenidate has increased from 1,361 kg in 1985 to 10,410 kg in 1995 with the primary increases occurring in the last five years. (Ritalin 1996) This drug is abused in two ways. One way is for recreational purposes. The abusers use the drug as a form of speed to pick themselves up. They feel that they need this in order to be alive and full of life. The other way this drug is abused is very different. Students are using Ritalin as a study aid. They take a pill (either orally, or by crushing it and snorting-much like cocaine, or they emulsify it in water and inject it like heroin) and cr am for an exam. College today has become more competitive. Students feel a need to have an edge over the others. They feel that Ritalin gives them this edge. Another danger is that since Ritalin is related to amphetamines, it has almost the same physiological effects. A users body will build a tolerance to the stimulant, therefore requiring more drugs to sustain the same level of abuse. This is very dangerous since the side effects on a normal dose are already dangerous; it has the potential for addiction and overdose. (Ritalin Nation 1997) Although there are many harmful side effects and social problems related to Ritalin, many advocates claim that Ritalin is a vital part of controlling AD (H) D. And in most cases Ritalin has shown proven results. It does exactly what it was designed to do. The treatment of the disorder in adolescents and adults both show positive results. But before being put on such a harmful drug, parents and students should try using other alternatives before using Ritalin. Most doctors can't accurately diagnose AD (H) D in a 20-30 minute visit. There are usually other factors that have to be considered but are often overlooked. There are ways a patient diagnosed with AD (H) D can overcome this disorder. Rather than taking Ritalin, a change in diet can have a big impact on ones attention. Stress levels, like diet, can cause loss of attention, making it hard to concentrate. A change in study habits can also be very beneficial to someone having a difficult time concentrating. So by

the graduate essays

the graduate essays The film 'The Graduate' was made in 1967 by Embassy Films. Directed by Mike Nichols with the help of cinematographer Robert Surtees, and co-producer (with Nichols) Lawrence Turman, 'The Graduate' was a number one hit of 1968. From the novel by Charles Webb, Calden Willingham and Buck Henry crafted this superb screenplay. The major players include Elizabeth Wilson, Murray Hamilton, William Daniels, Anne Bancroft, Katharine Ross and Dustin Hoffman.. Benjamin Braddock, raised in a comfortable middle-class home, never having dealt with any major problems in life, graduates from college, and is now left feeling empty and unsatisfied with his accomplishments. His past in uninteresting and his future is uncertain. So, he turns to the first thing offered: an affair with his father's business partner's wife, a woman twice his age, also searching for some relief from her vague, dead-end, wealthy existence. The director has manipulated elements of the frame to suggest confusion and emptiness within the affair. Elements playing significant roles in the mise en scne of this sequence include the placement and staging of the characters in the frame, and the framing techniques. In many places throughout the movie, Benjamin is placed on the far right or the bottom of the frame. He is depicted as insignificant, small, and lost. In other shots, the camera captures him from behind an obstruction, framed, sometimes nearly obscured, by a piece of furniture or another character. In this short display of Benjamin's enjoying his leisure, his face with its blank expression is the dominant image which draws the viewer's eye and fills the screen. Usually when a character is center, it is to draw attention to his impending actions or his power. Staging of the characters and props suggest a lack of human connection and intimacy. The proximity of Ben to other characters is constantly shifting. He floats in the pool, isolated-an island aw...

Alex Bell Essays - C. S. Lewis, British Films, Knights Bachelor

Alex Bell Huma 3303 November 21 , 2015 History of shadowlands William Nicholson was born in 1948 and is the original master mind behind the story of shadow lands. The film that we have today actually started off out as a play for television and a live stage show. It would be called the best play in 1990 and also won him a Tony Award. In 1994 Nicholson worked with Richard Attenborough in order to turn his stage play into a full film. The film itself was shot mostly in England in places such as Christ Church Meadow, Oxford, and Oxford shire. The real life story is supposed to show the coming together of Joy Gresham and C.S Lewis but like many retold stories some of the actual facts were skewed a bit for example in real life Joy Gresham had two sons but in the film she is only shown to have one. Personal Critique Cast: Anthony Hopkins, Debra Winger, Julian Fellowes , Joseph Mazzello Director: Richard Attenborough Synopsis: Poet Joy Gresham travels to England with her son, who is a big C.S Lewis fan, in order to meet C.S Lewis himself. When they meet they realize that they are polar opposites but manage to start a glowing friendship. She divorces her husband that is in America and ask C.S Lewis, also known as Jack if he would agree to marry her in order for her to stay in England. After agreeing to marry her strictly so she may remain in the country, she becomes very ill and he discover that despite them not knowing each other very well he really loves her and wants to be with her. Unfortunately their love will be short lived. Lord Richard Attenborough's film brings together a great cast of actors that all are able to show off their acting abilities in this journey of love that brings together two unlikely people together. Sir Anthony Hopkins is a generational actor that adds on to his impressive acting resume with the portrayal of C.S Lewis. He has a natural and smooth voice that seems to help draw in the audience into wanting to listen to every word that he says. With this particular character he was able to combine both the intellectual brilliance and emotion that was required to really bring the story together. Debra Winger is the second star that the story circles around and her character in the Shadowlands appears to be tailor made for her. The Cleveland, Ohio native portrays the fiery Joy Gresham who refuses to take any lip from anyone regarding her life. Much like Hopkins her ability to be able to be both emotional and hardnosed added to the ch aracters appeal to the viewers. Shadow Lands which is based on the play by William Nicholso n is a great story that puts the brilliant acting styles together in a film to show that true love does not have to come from the typical channel that relationships are formed. Professional Critiques 1. Shadowlands' (PG) By Desson Howe Washington Post Staff Writer January 07, 1994 "Shadowlands" isn't just a three-hankie tearjerker. You'll need bulk linen to stay dry through this romance between Anthony Hopkins and Debra Winger. Yet this dramatized account of the C. S. Lewis-Joy Gresham af fair is more than manipulative. An engaging encounter between adults, it's also about lost childhoods, questions of God, intellect versus emotion, pain versus pleasure and other far-reaching themes. Perhaps most significantly, "Shadowlands" is illuminated from beginning to end by Hopkins. This may be the best thing he's ever done. The basic biographical details are true. Lewis, author of "The Lion, The Witch and the Wardrobe," among many books, indeed met and fell in love with Gresham. But as screenwriter William Nicholson (who wrote the original BBC teleplay and Broadway stage play before this) emphasizes in press notes for the movie: "I have used parts of their story, not used othe r parts and imagined the rest." If those imaginings are all-too-neatly contrived, they're at least arranged along the classier lines of "84 Charing Cross Road" (another Brit-Yank encounter starring Hopkins), David Lean's "Brief Encounter" and "Turtle Diary," to name a few. On

Comparative Analysis of Case Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Comparative Analysis of Case Studies - Essay Example Enterprise Resource Planning System can be termed as a business software system that assists an organization in running efficiently its resources. Resources in this case can be the finance, the human resource, the materials, or anything that can be managed in that specific organization. The ERP assists the organization in that it provides a complicated solution to the company’s information processing systems wants. The work of the ERP is so easy. Firstly, by allowing the management of the data, which at times is usually integrated in the whole organization. This therefore means that it acts as a transaction processing system. Additionally, it also acts as a workflow management system in that it helps in the management of the many flows that occurs within the organization. In order for information and data to be processed and transacted correctly, the ERP provides a successful of an information technologies system. This is by assisting in the flow of information and any conditi on, which is set. By preventing redundancy of data, entering wrong data, and assisting in the calculation, the ERP assists the company to indulge itself in a competitive world by minimizing the cost incurred. This paper uses the six case studies to assist the managers to achieve the full purpose of the ERP. It analyses the implementation process of the ERP in six companies. The companies include the Rolls-Royce Company, the Dutch construction firms, Pratt and Whitney Canada, Gujrat Heavy Chemicals limited, Texas Instrument and a soft drink bottler. Some of the organizations listed here tried to implement the system and failed while some of them implemented it and succeeded. Implementation phase case study of the Rolls Royce In the implementation phase of the Rolls Royce, this stage proved to be far too large therefore forcing the management to half it into waves. The two waves contained some two things in common. Firstly, it was involved in the implementation of its architecture and its physical. In addition to that, they were both concerned with the modifying the working practices that the organization had. The first wave involved the replacement of the legacy systems in the organization. It should be noted that the SFDM commonly referred to as the shop floor data management was introduced in this phase. The main aim of the first wave was to actually offer new potential for the operations that consisted the gas turbine (Yusuf et al, 2004). The second stage involved the implementation of the human resource, the logistics, the engine assembly, and the spare parts elements. This process occurred one year later. The replacement of the old system with the new system was to occur once the new system responded positively. The Rolls Royce understood that their system was big enough so they gave it quite sometime before the ERP was launched. This proved to be working in their favor. Since the company contains many different steps, the company took its time in understa nding the whole process and gave it its whole energy. However, the management should clearly grasp the implementation of the system. For such an expensive system, the management s

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Leadership - Essay Example – and realize the important link between leadership and success/failure in the chosen path. Hence, I believe that training in the theoretical aspects of personal leadership development would enhance the chances of my success in post-academic life. I define success as a continuing phenomenon of setting goals and achieving them, with each succeeding goal being higher or nobler than the preceding one. Success is a relative term as well, in the sense that it is as much a feeling of self-satisfaction as the recognition that one gains in an organization or society at large. I place great importance on personal probity, teamwork, participation in peripheral fields of activities etc. as the means to achieve success and recognition. Ideally, I wish to work for any organization that reflects my personal beliefs in order that I contribute to it with full sense of participation, and grow along with it. This means that the (your last name) 2 organization must have a good track record of co rporate responsibility, well-respected by the society and enable its employees to blossom to their fullest capabilities. My profession as a retail manager should see me gaining hands-on experience in the initial years, followed by managing teams of juniors in three to five years time and ultimately setting up and running my own business unit in about 8 to 10 years after graduation. Assessing my leadership qualities Without assigning any priority, I consider the following self-assessment assignments as being very useful and revealing: Motivation to lead, Emotional intelligence, Participatory leadership attitude, Leader-member exchange, Self-confidence and Generalized self-efficacy. It is not that I have scored above average in my self-assessment exercises in these fields – rather, the exercises revealed to me my strengths as well as weaknesses. Knowing one’s weaknesses is the first step in learning ways to overcome them. My goals and aspirations as mentioned earlier wou ld demand that I learn to work in a team as a member, build a team and provide leadership to it in due course, handle difficult situations with a balanced approach, and be self-confident and efficient. These are the reasons for me to consider the six selected factors as the most helpful and relevant to my situation. Motivation to lead: I have scored †¦ , taken as the average on the individual dimensions of this exercise like identity-based motivation, noncalculative-based motivation and social normative-based motivation. The exercise helped me to appreciate the vital link between my ambitions and the practical world of dealing with people and their own motivations. Individual scores reflect the gap between what it takes to be a good leader and my present state of (your last name) 3 preparedness to assume leadership role in the real world. My medium-term and long-term goals provide the motivation for me to lead. If I have to realize the aspiration of owning a business in the l ong-term and achieve a measure of success, I should be a good leader to motivate those working for me to contribute their best. Emotional intelligence: I have scored †¦ , taken as the average on the individual dimensions of this exercise, comprising expression, thinking, knowledge and regulation. Having a different level of intelligence from team members, whether higher or lower, is immaterial so long as one can exercise intelligence with prudent emotion. I am certain to

Sickle Cell Disease Essay -- Diseases Health Medical Medicine Essays

Sickle Cell Disease Sickle Cell Disease is an illness that affects people all across the globe. This paper will give a description of the sickness through the discussion of the causes, symptoms, and possible cures. Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a "group of inherited red blood cell disorders."(1) These disorders can have various afflictions, such as pain, damage and a low blood count--Sickle Cell Anemia. The overall incidence of SCD is eight out of 100,000 people. However, it is much more widespread in some people. "One out of 600 African Americans and one out of 1,000 to 1, 400 Hispanic Americans" are affected. (2). However, there are other populations who are especially affected, as well. These include, but are not limited to "Arabs, Greeks, Italians, and people from India."(1) As it is plain to see, the disease can affect many different types of people. Now that we know whom this illness should concern, we must discuss what exactly the disease is. "The genetic defect that causes sickle cell anemia affects hemoglobin." (3). Hemoglobin is a constituent of red blood cells. Its job is to take oxygen to all the cells and tissues in the body. "Red blood cells that contain normal hemoglobin are soft and round. Their soft texture enables them to squeeze through the body's small blood vessels."(3) People with SCD, however, have a type of irregular hemoglobin. "A genetic error makes the hemoglobin molecules stick together in a long, rigid rods after they release oxygen. These rods cause the red blood cells to become hard and sickle-shaped, unable to squeeze through tiny blood vessels. The misshapen cells can get stuck in the small blood vessels, causing a blockage that deprives the body's cells and tissues of b... ...ealthy and fulfilling lives. Treatments such the ones mentioned make this a possibility. Also, people affected by the disease can help themselves by living a healthy life which includes eating a proper diet, getting adequate exercise, and reducing stress. As people who are not afflicted by the disease we can do something to help. We can donate blood and bone marrow in hopes of being a match to a suffering patient. This disease does not only affect the African American community, as is popular known, it affects us all. Internet Sources: 1)Sickle Cell Anemia http://www.pediatrics.emory.edu/SICKLE/sicklept.htm 2) Sickle Cell Anemia http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000527.htm 3)New Hope for People with Sickle Cell Anemia , http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/496_sick.html 4)Sickle Cell Anemia, http://www.mamashealth.com/Sickle_Cell.asp

Crowd Management in Sport Facilities Essay

When conditions or circumstances warrant substantial levels of wariness, crowd management as a consequence becomes prudent. The key in getting a safe and comfortable environment for large packs of people is in planning for their management. There is considerable prominence on crowd management planning and implementation since it is important to provide a safe environment for everyone. Crowd management must take into account all the rudiments of an event especially the type of event, for example a circus, sporting, concert, or carnival event. It must also view characteristics of the facility, dimension and demeanor of the crowd, methods of entry, communications, crowd control, plus queuing (Herb, 1998). As in all management, it must also include planning, arranging, staffing, directing in addition to evaluating. Crowd management is best defined as every element of the game or event from the design of the stadium to the game itself as well as the protection of the customers from unforeseeable risk of danger from other persons or from the actual facility itself. The main criteria for gouging if crowd control procedures are sufficient and suitable depend on the kind of event, threats of aggression, existence and sufficiency of the emergency arrangement, expectation of crowd size in addition to seating arrangement, known rivalries among teams along with schools, and the use of security personnel (Herb, 1997). Crowd management is therefore paramount in sports facilities and venues because of the large masses that throng such places. Some facilities involve more sport management than others, thus would require more crowd management during functions. Venues should be primarily assessed for safety and its ability to hold large crowds. From the evaluation, the results should be processed, conclusions drawn, proposals made and a report written to all parties involved. The team that carries out such a task should be well trained in this area and used to dealing with all sorts of events, particularly sports. Reference Herb, A. (1998) Risk Management in Sport: Issues and Strategies. London, Carolina Academic Press Miller, L. (1997) Sport Business Management. New York, Jones & Barlett Publishers.

Compare and Contrast American Psycho by Bret Easton Ellis...

Compare and Contrast American Psycho by Bret Easton Ellis and The Remains of the Day by Kazuo Ishiguro focussing on the topic of the unreliable narrator The unreliable narrator is a technique used by authors where a scenario is created in which the reader cannot trust the narration of the book usually done in the first person. In American psycho, Ellis explores the sinister nature of Wall Street yuppie culture by examining the sanity of the narrating protagonist Patrick Bateman using the unreliable narrator. Ishiguro also uses this, exploring ideas of regret and also self-justification in the character of Mr Stevens in The Remains of the Day. Unlike Ellis who examines Bateman during his early working years, in his mid-twenties and†¦show more content†¦Jennifer Phillips describes this relationship between Bateman’s personas as his ‘mask of sanity’ he wears to cover his ‘growing dementia’. In comparison the technique of the unreliable narrator is used in The Remains of the Day. Kazuo Ishiguro is no stranger to use of the technique and indeed in his novel: An Artist of the Floating World, the protagonist, Ono, a painter, says: ‘I cannot recall any colleague who could paint a self-portrait with absolute honesty’. Zuzana Fonikova indicates that this inability to paint a picture of oneself honestly comes from a personal desire to ‘hide the disgraceful facts and emphasise the positive traits’, which is where the source of Stevens’ unreliability in recalling events stems, what he did not see as ‘disgraceful’ by his own standards then, he consciously or subconsciously supresses: ‘It is possible this is a case of hindsight colouring my memory’. In a different way to American psycho, in which the reader is an observing witness to Patrick Bateman’s life and narrative, The Remains of the Day presents a series of fl ashbacks narrated by an elderly protagonist looking back on his life, linking both novels is the idea of preservation of image, Bateman’s; an image desperately trying to keep up culturally and socially while Stevens; an image of dignity. ‘Dignity’ is frequently referenced throughout the novel, certainly in both in Stevens’ present and past. The idea of

Compound Interest and Rate Essay - 1836 Words

Solution to Problem Set 1 1. You are considering various retirement plans. Your goal is to have a lump sum of $3,000,000 available (‘in the bank’) when you retire at age 67. The various plans, with their payment schedules, are listed below. In each case, calculate the payment(s) that must be made into the plan to ensure that you have the $3,000,000 available. For each plan, you may assume that your opportunity cost of funds is 6% per year; for each plan, you may assume that the phrase â€Å"at age XX† means the same thing as â€Å"on your XX’th birthday†. Plan 1: Single lump sum at age 25 Plan 2: Single lump sum at age 50 Plan 3: Equal annual payments, commencing at age 31 and ending at age 67 Plan 4: Equal annual†¦show more content†¦Note that the monthly inflation rate is 2.4%/12, or 0.2% per month. We need to compound the first tuition cash flow, which occurs in 16 years, by 16 X 12 = 192 months, the second tuition cash flow by 17 X 12 = 204 months, etc. First tuition cash flow = 38,500 * (1.002)192 = 56,501.93 Second tuition cash flow = 38,500 * (1.002)204 = 57,872.99 Third tuition cash flow = 38,500 * (1.002)216 = 59,277.32 Fourth tuition cash flow = 38,500 * (1.002)228 = 60,715.73 If we wish to discount these annual cash flows, we need an effective annual rate. Currently, the interest rate is given to us as 6.0% per year, compounded monthly. This implies an effective monthly rate of 0.50%, or an effective annual rate of: (1.0050)12 – 1 = 6.1678% The value at t=16 of these cash flows, with r=6.1678%: V =56,501.93 + 57,872.99/(1.061678) + 59,277.32/(1.061678)2+ 60,715.73/(1.061678)3 V = $214,339.59 f) Calculate the value, at t=16, of four years’ worth of college tuition if tuition grows at the recent education inflation rate of 6.4% per year, compounded monthly. Changing the inflation rate in the problem above to 6.4% per year, compounded monthly (or 0.533% per month), we have tuition cash flows of t Cash flow 16 106,904.64 17 113,950.85 18 121,461.47 19 129,467.13 And the value at t=16, with our opportunity cost ofShow MoreRelatedMathematics of Finance Hw Essay735 Words   |  3 Pagesannual simple interest rate of 6%, for 10 months b) To invest 5,000â‚ ¬ in a bank account that offers an annual compound interest rate of 6%, for 10 months The bank pays interests once per month a) b) So, option b) is the best. 2- Prove which of the following options is the most interesting one: a) To invest 5,000â‚ ¬ in a bank account that offers an annual simple interest rate of 6%, for 1 year b) To invest 5,000â‚ ¬ in a bank account that offers an annual compound interest rate of 6%, for 1Read MoreCompound Interest Formul The Magic Formula For Becoming Rich And Building Wealth980 Words   |  4 PagesCompound Interest Formula - The Magic Formula for Becoming Rich and Building Wealth By Keelan Cunningham | Submitted On February 14, 2011 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Keelan CunninghamRead Morefinance lab week 3787 Words   |  4 PagesFIN 370 Lab Study Guide - All Weeks - Additional Formula (Compound interest) to what amount will the following investments accumulate? a. $5,000 invested for 10 years at 10 percent compounded annually 5000 x (1.10)^10 = 5000 x2.5937 =12968.5 b. $8,000 invested for 7 years at 8 percent compounded annually 8000 x (1.08)^7 = 8000 x 1.7138 = 13710.59 c. $775 invested for 12 years at 12 percent compounded annually 775 x (1.12)^12 = 775 x3.8959 =3019.38 d. $21,000 invested for 5 years at 5 percentRead MoreAnnuity1659 Words   |  7 Pagescomputed the future value of an investment when a fixed amount of money is deposited in an account that pays interest compounded periodically. 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The Ethics Of Police Officers - 967 Words

Police officers not only have to follow a set of rules and legislation, but they also must behave in a decent manner while on duty as well as off duty. Unfortunately, nobody is perfect, and police officers also make wrong decisions that could jeopardize the integrity of their police department. Often people know something they do is wrong. However, they still do it because they feel no harm will come to them or it they think nobody will ever find out. For instance, cheating on a test is wrong, but people do it because they think they can t get away without the professor finding out. There was a case where pictures were posted online about an bad officer conduct. On June 26th, 2013 a Grapeland, Texas officer was fired because of his unethical behavior. Apparently, the police officer was at a party. The police officer allowed a female at the party to wear his gun belt with his loaded gun, ammunition and Taser still on the belt. The female was holding an alcoholic drink while wearing the officer duty rig. A person at the party took pictures of the woman wearing the gun belt and posted them on social media. Once several individuals saw the pictures online, they complained to the Chief of Police. Consequently, Chief Franklin terminated officer because his behavior went against the law enforcement code of ethics. Chief Franklin said, All of our guys understand the ramifications of being irresponsible with their firearms, with their weapons and with their position in the city Show MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of The Police Officer1827 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Ethics may be defined as the, â€Å"principle of honor and morality; accepted rules of conduct; the principle of conduct governing an individual or group (Maine Criminal Justice Academy [MCJA], 2002, p. 3). Trust and integrity are precious resources, easily squandered, hard to regain. They can thrive only on a foundation of respect for veracity (Bok, 1989). 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Exporting Toys from Belgium to the People’s Republic of China Free Essays

string(110) " The new rich surpass actual needs and as a result become more qualified for merchandising and advertisement\." [pic] ________________ KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN Faculty of business and economics International Marketing Toys: Exporting toys from Belgium to the People’s Republic of China [pic] Julie Mertens 1 Master TEW Prof. Pierre FrancoisAcademic year 2008-2009 1. Table of contents2 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Exporting Toys from Belgium to the People’s Republic of China or any similar topic only for you Order Now Introduction3 3. Consumption culture in the People’s Republic of China 4 1. China and its economic growth 1. Export5 2. Open economy 3. Middle class people’s consumption culture 2. Culture 1. One child policy 2. Filiarchy6 3. Six pocket syndrome 4. Parental education 5. Children’s personal expenditures . Mian zi7 7. Mien-tsu Lien 8. Guanxi 9. Fake products 10. Cheaper before better8 11. Religion 12. Astrology superstition 13. Language 14. Emotions9 15. Business culture 16. Research studies 17. Hofstede10 4. Proposed Marketing adaptations 11 1. Segmentation 2. Targeting 3. Positioning 4. Price adaptations 12 5. Product adaptations 1. Product specifications 2. Assortment change13 3. Brand name 4. Image 5. Packaging 6. Service level 6. Distribution Strategy14 7. Communication15 1. Media and the message 2. Advertisement and promotion 5. General conclusion16 6. References17 7. Apendices18 . Introduction Nowadays, in this time of economic depression, some people bel ieve the era of globalization is over. Others consider globalization as a necessity in these times of integration into one worldculture. In this paper, I will try to indicate if and to which extent the marketing-mix should be adapted when exporting Belgian toys to the People’s Republic of China. First, a little company introduction is given. Secondly, some relevant facts and numbers about the People’s Republic of China are discussed. Then, some cultural differences between Belgium and PRC are considered. Finally, the proposed marketing adaptations will be under consideration. Lilliputiens: a company introduction Lilliputiens is a Belgian company that specialises in the production of fabric-based toys. What sets them apart is the extremely high product quality. Their aim is to ensure that all of their toys combine their three core values: provide quality toys at reasonable prices, which are fun to play with, great to look at and have an educational value. [pic][pic] In order to properly stimulate their little customers, namely boys and girls in the zero to five age range, they have created gentle toys made of soft fabric. Their senses are stimulated thanks to the use of a diverse range of textures, sounds, shapes and colours. The toys are designed with the knowledge that toys enable children to imagine, touch, create and think. Those provide a key role in children’s development. Another special feature of the toys is that they evolve in a way that accompanies the baby throughout his or her passage into early infancy. As the child grows, the new play elements are revealed, making new activities and games possible. As a consequence, these toys no longer need to be put back in the box after just three months! Not only dolls but also a play mat, a food pyramid, a table set and a ruler are amongst the Lilliputiens’ product line. [pic] [pic] [pic] 3. Consumption culture in the People’s Republic of China China and its economic growth China is the greatest and most challenging new frontier that international marketers are facing today. China is the most populated country in the world. With one fifth of the world population and the largest population of children in the world, it is an enormous potential market. China’s economic growth has risen 11% during 2007 and keeps developing. There is new money to spend by the 200 million acquisitive people in the middle class. But numbers are not everything; you have to win people’s hearths to be and stay in business. Let that be the issue of this paper. [pic] Figure 1: China’s estimated per capita income per province in 2003 As shown in figure 2 and 3, China’s economic growth passes unequally. Eastern regions have known a faster growth that has given rise to an enormous gap between Eastern and Western China. Eastern China has become more occidental with different needs as a result. In this paper, only China’s Eastern, urban regions will be discussed since China’s ten largest cities, which contain only four percent of China’s population, account for approximately 22 percent of its earning power and 19 percent of its spending power. The urban children’s market contains around 100 million children. Figure 2Figure 3 Export The Chinese market is a paradise for both internal and foreign investors. In 2006, Belgium has exported for almost 3 billion euro to China. This makes China Belgium’s thirteenth trading partner with 1. 1% of our GDP. However compared to India, Belgium’s eighth business partner, the export ratio is lower. To further improve export, good connections will be needed. Open economy According to Eugene Wang, China is relatively open to foreign investments. China has the largest supply of foreign direct investments. Compared to India, China’s tariff protection is more modest and keeps declining. This has resulted in a rapid increase in the volume of imports. In 2003, China’s imports rated 30% of its gross domestic product, which is twice the import ratio of the U. S. Foreign firms with facilities within China account for 25% of all manufactured goods. These goods can be exported or could serve China’s internal market. Middle class people’s consumption culture The present middle class or â€Å"new rich† have made money and acquired standing in only one generation. China has an ambiguous relationship towards foreign culture; Chinese both worship and avert it. Imported goods represent purchasing power, status and good taste. Chinese start to adore Western culture and lifestyle. Although the Western consumption culture conflicts with their traditional consumption culture of thrift and spending in proportion to income, the middle class have become a part of the consumerism culture, especially in the fashion consumption. Albeit their norms and values tend to incline towards the Western culture, imitation is gradually transferring into their own consumption culture. â€Å"I consume so I exist† is the new attitude. The new rich surpass actual needs and as a result become more qualified for merchandising and advertisement. You read "Exporting Toys from Belgium to the People’s Republic of China" in category "Papers" They spend a lot of money on consumer goods, like toys. A potential market is definitely there! Culture Cultures are learned by parenting as well as social interactions and therefore they can change. Despite the impact of current globalization, cultural differences will stay. One-child policy The biggest cultural difference between the rest of the world and China is the â€Å"one-child policy†. Since 1979, due to China’s history and more specifically the population control, law states a maximum of one child per household. Observational data shows that there are 18% more boys than girls. Compared to the world average, this percentage lays 15% higher! In China, men stand for responsibility for the family and are raised to become the head of the household. Therefore, people prefer to have a baby boy rather than a baby girl. However, in the urban regions this is gradually changing. More and more parents cherish the same ambitions for their girl. In fact, in the big cities girls are preferred because parents will not have to worry about being able to provide enough hope chest. [pic] Figure 4: Advertisement to promote the one child policy: carry out family planning – implement the basis national policy Filiarchy Whether a child is born as a boy or a girl, it is born with much more responsibility on his shoulders than in the rest of the world. When it comes to education, health or money, parents will do whatever it takes to contribute to the success of live of their children. For that reason, the one child determines the household. According to Mc Neal and Yeh, Chinese children influence the consumption pattern in such a significant way, namely by 68%, that outsiders look upon him or her as a â€Å"spoiled brat† or â€Å"little emperor†. In the case of toys, the influence on the parents’ purchases mounts up to 93% for children in the zero to five age range. On an annual basis, Chinese children exert a direct influence on play item purchases of three billion dollar per year. It can be said that China has shifted from a patriarchy to a filiarchy; kids have become the centre of the universe! Six pocket syndrome Chinese parents spend much more time, money and effort on their only child’s development. Chinese children are not only raised by their parents but by the whole family. This second source of money, the grandparents, lives in the same household due to other standards of living. This results in six adults indulging one child. This effect is better known as the â€Å"4-2-1 indulgence† or the â€Å"six pocket syndrome†. Parental education In China, society is much more collective than in Belgium. This is reflected in the Chinese family and kinship system. It is not unusual that grandparents live under the same roof. Not surprisingly, family has a tremendous impact on a child education. From birth, Chinese children are learned to respect and obey their elders. Unlike in Belgium, Chinese adults keep seeking for parental approval. Children’s personal expenditures In the first place, children learn about new products from other children, followed by advertisement and store visits. Research has shown that there is a difference in requests between boys and girls. Beyond expectations, girls ask significantly more for toys than boys! But who pays for their expenditures? For children under the age of four, it are the parents and other relatives who buy and pay for the toys. Unexpected but true, according to Chan children start to spend their own money on their own wants and needs from the age of four, mostly toys and food! Mian zi Chinese children do not spend all of their money. A four year old saves around 75% of his pocket money. Their regular income can be spent but special incomes given on birthdays or Chinese New Year are expected to be saved. Learn how to manage money is a second but just as important reason why Chinese parents give their children money. China derives from a socialist economy and has a culture that emphasizes on saving money because they believe this contributes to the development of one’s prestige, which is called â€Å"mian zi†. Mien-tsu Lien Mien-tsu stands for a reputation through drive, ostentation and success –often expressed by personal wealth-. The more mien-tsu a person has, the higher his social status is and the more influence a person has on others and important decisions. A person’s mien-tsu is dynamic; it can change over time by someone’s success or failure. Lien represents the confidence of society in a person’s sincerity and can only be lost by misconduct. Together, they determine the importance of a person in his interpersonal relations among Chinese. In China, this is extremely important when doing business, because contracts are defined by trust and connections. Guanxi If a Chinese wants to be successful in business, he needs more than just brains. Guanxi is a personal network of influence and social relationships that is used to obtain a service or favor for ‘reasonable purposes’. Guanxi can be compared to social capital and so it is not an act of bribery. The line between guanxi and corruption is rather thin. Chinese have a different view on corruption and crime. Corruption is very big issue in China, even within the Chinese government, which censors certain information. As a result, statistics should always be used with cautiousness. Fake products In China, counterfeiting is a national sport. 40% of all counterfeit toys have China as its country of origin. Although China has signed international agreements on patents and production rights, there are two reasons why they do not hold on to them. First, it is a result of historical factors. Most Chinese do not consider copying someone else’s work as a crime. Secondly, Chinese believe the Western companies are already rich enough, so counterfeiting does not harm the genuine producers. This way, China stays the epicentre of the fake industry. [pic] [pic] Cheaper before better The question: â€Å"Are Chinese genuine and counterfeit products are worse than Western products† has no unilateral answer. On the one hand, China stands for â€Å"cheaper -and therefore often dangerous- instead of better†. Think of the Mattel incident, where Chinese toys had to be taken back because the paint had too much lead in it. The â€Å"Made in China† is rather a warning than a quality label. On the other hand, a difference between â€Å"made in China† and â€Å"Made by China† has to be made. European companies who produce in China generally correspond to the Western criteria, so â€Å"Made in China† does not always indicate risks. According to Holslag, a researcher at the Brussels Institute for Contemporary China Studies, China will catch up to the Western norms concerning quality within the foreseeable future. Also a shift from knickknacks to high-tech products is taking place. Religion China is a country full of traditions. One of them is Confucianism, which was the state doctrine until 1912. Confucianism is not really a religion but more a philosophy or guideline for everyday life and determines what to eat, how to behave, what to wear, ect. According to Confucius, laws are not a good basis of the State. He believes imbueing people with rituals is more effective to reach State stability. Confucius’ society is very hierarchic; everyone knows his position and should act like it. Though society is not static. His idea was that talented people should be able to move up in society, which has had a great impact on the Chinese vision of life. Later, Buddhism, Christian and mainly Taoism influences mingled with Confucianism into neo-Confucianism. So, it is not strange to find a Chinese who is a Confucian, Buddhist as well as a Taoist. [pic] Nature Astrology superstition Chinese culture stands in function of nature. Chinese consider themselves part of nature and try to live in harmony with it. In Chinese astrology, the zodiac of twelve animal signs represents twelve different types of personality. The zodiac traditionally begins with the sign of the rat, followed by the ox, the tiger, the rabbit, ect. This year, Chinese New Year falls on 26th of January and stands in the sign of the ox. Superstition plays an important role in Chinese culture. Although fortune-telling is forbidden, people go to fortune-tellers to ask whether their child will be a boy or a girl. Language Mandarin is the most spoken language in China. If you speak Mandarin, you have 915 million native speaking conversation partners! Next to the official language, there are numerous dialects. Besides the different spoken languages, there are also two written languages. [pic] Emotions You will not often see a Chinese crying! Chinese often get blame for not saying what they really think or feel. Westerners find that Chinese behave in a cold manner. A possible explanation is the fact that people were hanged in the past for taking a different view on certain matters. Another explanation is that defending one’s opinion is a Western way of dealing with a situation when there are opposing thoughts. Chinese are learnt at school to accept what is told. Business culture A difference between Belgian and Chinese culture is that Chinese do not work by a model as much as Belgians do. In Belgium, people set up a plan and execute it. In China, people are much more flexible. They anticipate and react on the situation. A possible explanation can be found in their education. Chinese children come in contact with much more opinions during their family education. Laws, contracts and rules are less significant. Chinese have a different calendar, namely the Moon calendar. Fortunately, for business they also use the Gregorian calendar. Research studies Culture is defined by what we buy and why we buy it. National culture determines consumer behaviour, not income. (De Mooij) At first sight, culture does not seem relevant when it comes to toys. Toys are used for children’s entertainment. However, there certainly is a difference in usage between Belgium and China. As mentioned before, Chinese parents find it extremely important that their child stands out from the mass. Therefore, Chinese parents buy toys to stimulate their children to learn as soon as possible rather than for entertainment. So, marketing, branding and advertising strategies should be adapted when exporting toys to China. Hofstede But how different are the Belgian and Chinese culture? According to Hofstede, one can define cultural difference on the basis of five dimensions on a 0 to 100-range scale. The degree of power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation determines a national culture. The higher the score, the more dimension determines the culture. Belgium belongs to the more developed Latin countries cluster and China falls under the less developed Asian countries. [pic] Figure 5: Cultural difference between China and Belgium Power distance More than Belgian culture, the Chinese culture knows a larger power distance. In China, the acceptance of hierarchy and authority is higher. Since all people are treated fairly, they do not resist and respect higher ranked and elder people because these stand for wisdom. As mentioned before, Chinese rely much more on human relationships (guanxi) than on contracts. Individualism Esomar research shows that China is a collectivist culture, in which loyalty and social network (Mien-stu, Lien Guanxi) are important. In China, the group where you belong to defines your identity. In Belgium, people and society are more individualistic, which has enabled capitalism. Masculinity Concerning the masculinity/femininity, there is not much distinction between Belgium and China. Both countries have some features of both characteristics. Uncertainty avoidance In Belgium, people believe they have faith in their own hands. In China, people depend much more on fate and believe their destiny is determined for them. In this fatalistic country, failure is unevitable. Belgians are more threatened by risk and uncertainty than the Chinese. As a result, the Chinese are much more open to change. This confirms the Confucianism influence on China. Long-term orientation Like other Southeast Asian countries, China is long term oriented. This has the similar effect as the Confucian values, which are acceptance of change, perseverance, thrift and pursuit of peace of mind. Belgium, on the other hand, strives for immediate results like other Western countries. According to Hofstede, these cultural differences will remain over time, how much globilization even takes place. Now that the Chinese culture has no mysteries anymore, let’s take a look at which adaptations are to be made. 4. Proposed Marketing adaptations Cross-cultural awareness – the understanding that what is normal in one culture can be offending in another one – starts to gain credit. People start to recognize that to be successful in foreign business, the company should adapt the marketing mix to the country’s values and culture. However, adaptation is very costly and time-consuming. Although China is becoming more Occidental, the marketing mix should be adapted only until the profits do not make up for the costs anymore. Segmentation There is no such thing as an average consumer! Therefore, there is no use -or value- in making an average product. First, the company has to distinguish the different market segments based on similar product needs for consumers. For the Chinese toy market, a distinction between the urban and rural households can be made. The question â€Å"whether a market segment is specific enough to make it a segment on its own† depends on four P’s. The first P stands for product. Children in urban China play with different and more qualitative toys than children in rural China. The second P stands for price. Since urban China is much wealthier, they are less price sensitive than rural China. Also the service level, the third P, differs. The more cultivated East demands a higher servicelevel. The final P, promotion, varies from TV advertisement and word of mouth in urban China to only word of mouth in rural China. | |Size |Product |Price |Service |Promotion | |Urban |36 % |High quality |High |High |TV + word of mouth | |Rural |64 % |Different toys |Low |Low |Word of mouth | Table 1: Segmentation: the four P’s Targeting In a next phase, the company has to make a strategic choice. This hard-to-reverse decision, namely the decision which specific market segment will be targeted, depends on the value that can be offered to customers. Although the final consumers are children between zero and five years old, most of the time it will be the parents who will buy the toys. Since the most profitable segment is China’s urban household segment, this market segment will be targeted. For the reason that this target group lives highly concentrated in the cities, they are easy to reach customers. Positioning Brand positioning is the process by which marketers try to create an image or identity in the minds of their target market for a certain product. The question is whether a brand should be global or not. In this case, a global image of the brand is not important. It would be better to distinguish the positioning since in China the focus would be on learning during playing compared to recreation and entertainment in Belgium. Although it is costly, the company will benefit from this investment because of the positive effect on buying behaviour. Two company images will not confuse customers since there is a language and character barrier between both countries. Price adaptations A price can be determined on the basis of costs, by looking at competitors’ prices or in proportion to the value created towards the end-consumer. I would suggest the company to go for the third option. Although the company’s first goal should be market penetration – resulting in low prices –, still a skimming pricing strategy seems best. The dolls are of a superior quality and luxury products demand a high price. I believe 50 euro or 465 Chinese Yuan would be an appropriate price for a 25 by 15 centimetre doll. This high price can be justified because the toy cannot only be used for entertainment but also for educational purposes. Since the income of the middle class is only rising, according to my market research (see apendix) at this price there will be enough potential buyers. Another reason that justifies a high price is the high level of pre and after sales service Chinese demand, which will be discussed further. Product adaptations †¢ Product specifications Nowadays, toy manufacturers do not adapt the features of the dolls! But research has shown that it hurts the childern’s self-esteem. Therefore, the company should customize the skin colour, hair, eyes, height, ect. as shown in figure 6. [pic] Figure 6: A Chinese Lilliputien doll with yellow skin, dark hair and dark slit-eyed eyes. One of Lilliputiens’ toys is the food pyramid by which children can learn how to put together well-balanced meals. Since people in China eat other vegetables, other meat and noodles and rice instead of potatoes, this pyramid should be adapted. Another Lilliputien toy, the table set also should be modified since Chinese eat with chopsticks instead of fork and knife. [pic] [pic] Figure 7: Food pyramidFigure 8: Table set †¢ Assortment change Children like choice; therefore the product line should be expanded. The current themes like the circus, the Indians, the Pirates, the nativity of Jesus Christ could be supplemented with the twelve zodiac animals of the Chinese astrology. A doll of the child’s animal sign can be given as a gift at the child’s birth. A less perfect acquisition for the assortment would be a Buddhist doll, Chinese would find it inappropriate and rude. †¢ Brand name Due to a different language and moreover a different alphabet, it is crucial to change the company name and product names. â€Å"Lilliputiens† would be unpronounceable. My suggestion would be to render the company’s name by transliteration, so that is sounds the closest to its original name. Pu-Tien means â€Å"all over the world†, which fits with the company philosophy, to give all children over the world the chance to play. †¢ Image The new rich people love to show off their wealth. A good idea would be to create a good recognizable logo to put on each doll so that others can recognize the brand and they can brag about expensive purchase. The advertisement campaigns should be identifiable by showing rich and fortunate people. †¢ Packaging Since the packaging has to sell the product, it is essential to make it as colourful and vibrant as possible. The company certainly has to use the colour red on the packaging, since in China, red has a positive connotation and stands for success, honour, fertility, happiness and love. Qualitative information, about the fact that this toy is educational as well as entertaining, must be provided to the Chinese parents. A good idea could be to use a combination of Chinese and English language in the toys manual. Due to internalization, the Chinese middle and upper class have become familiar with English. Toys are often given as a gift. The packaging has to look nice, because gifts are used to build up and strengthen relationships. The dolls are very soft and have different textures, therefore the company could use an open packaging so potential customers can feel and see the product before purchasing. Service level When a child has a need, it wants the need to be gratified as soon as possible. Since fast delivery is thus very important, there has to be enough inventory at any time. Because the Pu-Tien toys are more than just toys, this educational plaything stimulates senses and development of a child, there is need for pre sales service. Although China pays a lot of attention to pre-sales service as well as post sales service, they do not expect a guarantee on toys. Given that the dolls are made for children between zero and five years old, avoiding small parts and implementing warnings can prevent danger to children. Safety regulations are less strict in China. Nevertheless, the company should keep their high level of quality. Since the dolls are made in Belgium, the company should exploit their country of origin effect and explicitly mention â€Å"Made in Belgium†. Distribution strategy †¢ Business culture In China, paper means nothing. So if contracts do not work, what will? You need to band with local people and win their trust. This is where the Guanxi comes in. To obtain a certain service or favour, a personal network of influence and social relationships are a must. According to Li Qinfu, contact with the Chinese government also plays a very important role. When Westerners want to do business they contact their lawyers, when Chinese do business they contact government officials. †¢ Parallel import I would not set a lower price in the Chinese market than in the home market because due to relative low trade barriers, the risk and impact of grey export from China to Belgium would be too big. †¢ Mode of entry At first instance, due to low costs and a high control level, I would recommend the company to set up a website. But on further consideration, children want their needs to be gratified as soon as possible. In addition, if the toys are reachable (merchandising), they will also nag more, which helps children to get what they want if they have shut-up parents. Shipment costs for a prior delivery would be too large in proportion to the retail price. Another reason why a website would not be a good mode of entry is the level of pre and after sales service a Chinese consumer demands. The target segment, namely middle and upper class people with high requirements, searches for qualitative, pedagogical responsible and save toys. Therefore, these luxury toys should be sold in fancy local retail stores, not in ordinary supermarkets. The trade-off of using retail stores goes between the fact that the products are reachable, ready for delivery, a high service level and less control, more risk and higher investments. Since toy dealers are not motivated to deliver good sales support, a good way to check the service is ghost shopping. This market research technique of sending fake customers will tell if sales men give the right information and service to potential buyers and customers. Since feedback from distributors does not come easily because they are independent, a good idea is to improve relationships with local parties by means of guanxi. Communication A good strategy is nothing if it is not well executed. Advertisement is the most culturally sensitive element of the marketing mix. Therefore, it is wise to decide well how to say what you want to say. †¢ Media and the message When announcing the product launch to the potential customers by the media, the message strategy is of crucial importance. According to Hofstede, the communication style depends on the five dimensions of local culture. China is a developing, high context and collectivistic country. The best communication style is a less informative and more persuasive and emotional approach. When advertising on TV, a good idea would be to use the least words as possible. Optimally, only utilize non-verbal language. Not only because collectivistic cultures are more visually orientated (De Mooij), but also because children between zero and five cannot read and have a very small vocabulary. Toddlers have very well developed visual capabilities and are sensitive to emotions. For that reason, a visual advertisement would do better. In combination with a lot of colour, children’s attention will be monopolized. Although Hofstede suggests a less informative approach, I believe that the message towards the (grand)parents should be informative (information on age, warnings†¦) and focus on the educational value of the product. Pu-Tien toys provide a key role in a child’s development: its senses are stimulated thanks to the use of a diverse range of textures, sounds, shapes and colours. As slogan I would recommend: â€Å"Pu-tien tested, child educational approved! † As mentioned before, Chinese culture has shifted from a patriarchy to a filiarchy. As a result, advertisement will focus on children and their needs. †¢ Advertisement and promotion Not only the message, also the medium by which potential consumers are informed matters. In a first phase of promoting the product, children need to get to know the product. To gain product awareness, the company should adopt sampling. By offering certain pre-school kindergartens and day nursery centres some free samples, children will come in contact with the Pu-Tien product range. This is a win-win situation. Schools will be thankful to receive teaching aids nd our company will benefit from other children’s word of mouth, which is the best marketing tool. If our product line appeals to the children, children will nag to their parents to get the product. Sampling has as advantage that it is the most effective promotion strategy but unfortunately it is extremely expensive. Advertising on TV will be a second step of the company’s promotion strategy. Due to hypersegmenta tion, there are almost 3000 TV stations in China. With the given marketing budget, it would be too expensive to advertise on all of them. I would suggest advertising on one children’s channel as well as on one adult channel. Although the company’s target group is children between zero and five years old and their personal expenditures start from the age of four, mostly adults will buy the product for them. Since grandparents live in the same household, also raise their grandchildren and are happy to spend their money on their grandchildren’s formation, the commercial should consist of not only the child’s parents but of the whole family. Also some traditional symbols or Chinese icons should be put in because it will help to make the connection between the Western and their own consumption culture. As marketing manager, I think it is best not to invest money in global advertisement. I have computed the extent of standardization and found that toys are a cultural product. Therefore, the message and medium should change. It is not necessary to have one corporate brand image because the children in Belgium and China will not come in contact with each other, so it will not be confusing. Conclusion SWOT-analysis Strengths The major strength of the company’s product is the educational value that comes with the product. Chinese find education extremely important. Weaknesses A relative high price is chosen due to the risk and impact of parallel import. But a small segment with a high price can be more profitable than large volumes of low profit margin products. Opportunities Learning more about China, its culture, rules and laws and setting up a social network, with the government as well, will be extremely important. This will take some time, effort and money but it will enlarge the company’s chance to succeed tremendously. Threats I believe the biggest challenge will be the fierce competition from less qualitative and counterfeit dolls that are much cheaper. To conclude, as a marketing manager, I must say China stays a black box. When you have done all research that is possible; business in China still is risky. At least with the suggested adaptations the risk will be minimized and the success is multiplied. 6. References Interview Interview with my neighbour Yan Lu, a Chinese middle class woman living in Belgium since then years Books Kotler, P. et all (2005). Principles of Marketing. Prentice Hall Harlow. pp XVIII, 788. Chan, K. McNeal, J. (2004). Advertising to children in China. The Chinese University Press of Hong Kong. pp. I, 1-21, II, 23-42. Latham, K. Thompson, S. Klein, J. (2006). Consuming China. Routledge. Yau, O. H. M. (1994). Consumer behaviour in China. Routledge. pp III, 63-83. Usunier, J. -C. (2000). Marketing across cultures. Prentice Hall Harlow. pp V Articles Mooij, M. (2005). Mapping cultural values for global marketing and advertising. Dobbelaere, B. Reynebeau, M. (2008). Bijlage China: de rode boekjes: middelpunt van de wereld, 1,3 miljard sporters, een exploderende economie, paradijs voor investeerders, kleine vrouwen, een wereldmacht, de nieuwe rijken, een milieuramp, de diaspora, traditionele cultuur, culinair. De Standaard Reportage Marketing to children. Een, Koppen, 23/12/2008 Internet pages http://www. lilliputiens. be/EN/philosophy_nobel. htm 28/10/2008 http://www. allcountries. org/china_statistics/4_4_basic_statistics_on_national_population. html 25/11/2008 http://www. namingnewsletter. com/article. asp? id=42 25/11/2008 http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m2294/is_9-10_53/ai_n16084036 23/12/2008 http://benmuse. typepad. com/ben_muse/china/index. html 25/11/2008 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Positioning_(marketing) 23/12/2008 http://simonworld. mu. nu/archives/105889. hp 24/12/2008 http://smallswordsmagazine. com/articles/life/chinesesarcasm. html 3/01/2009 http://www. wing-international. com/ 03/01/2009 7. Apendices [pic] Market research: Questionnaire: What is an appropriate price for the Pu-Tien doll? 1) Are you a male/female? 2) How old are you? 3) What is your highest level of education you have achieved? 4) What is your marital status? 5) How much do you earn each month? 6) Do you live in one of China’s big cities? 7) What is your housing type? 8) Do you have (grand)children? 9) How many (grand)children do you have? 0) Is it a boy or a girl? 11) Do you believe your (grand)child’s development is important? 12) Do you like to spend money on your (grand)childrens (birthday)presents? 13) How much would you normally spend on your (grand)child’s birthday? 14) Have you ever bought a Pu-Tien doll for your (grand)child? 15) Where you pleased with your purchase? 16) What was the occasion you bought the doll for? 17) How much did it cost you? 18) Did you found it a reasonable price? 19) What would have been the highest/lowest price at which you would buy a Pu-Tien doll? 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